• Mhaske Prasad Adinath
• Dr. V.H. Kamble
• Dr. V.M. Satpute
• Mr.Ghodke S.R.

Drug delivery system (DDS) is a generic term for a series of physicochemical technologies that can control delivery and release of pharmacologically active substances into cells, tissues and organs, such that these active substances could exert optimal effects. In other words, DDS covers the routes of administration and drug formulations that efficiently deliver the drug to maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing any side effect. Depending on the delivery route, there are many types ofadministration modalities, such as oral administration, transdermal administration, lung inhalation, mucosal administration, and intravenous injection.Among them, the transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS)represents an attractive approach[1].Transdermaldrugdeliverysystem(TDDS)means TDDS. It is also known as patches. Thefirst transdermalpatches were approved byfoodand drugadministration in 1981. Transdermaldrug delivery is being investigated as an alternative to conventional oral drug delivery and intravenousinjection methods. It has been common practice for thousands of years to apply substances or plants to the skin; for instance, a wide range of formulations have been preparedfor localized treatment. For example, the use of salves, plants, minerals, or animal extract patches was popular in ancient Babylonian and Egyptian medicine around 3000 BC[2].Topicaltherapies were placed on the skin by bandaging and rubbing, as described on Sumerian clay tablets[3] An ochre-rich mixture was liquefied for use as skin protection and decoration in Blombos Cave in South Africa approximately 100,000 years ago[4] Natural oils (e.g., olive, castor, and sesame oil), animal fats, perfumes (e.g., peppermint, bitter almond, and rosemary),unguents,creams,pomades,rouges,and powders were used by ancient people for cosmetic ordermatologicalpurposes[5] Several hundred drugs were mentioned in the Papyrus Eber, whichdates to 1550 BC. It has helpful information on treating wounds, blisters, and exudation. Transdermal drug delivery approaches were described by well-known individuals such as Galen (AD 129–199) and Ibn Sina (AD. Galen, the father of pharmacy, made a cold cream with similar use ascurrent products [6] Ibn Sina showed that eachtopical drug has soft and hardforms. The softform can penetrate the skin layers; the hard form was applied on top of the skin. Moreover, he suggested that the penetrated portion would reach systematic circulation.

Formulation and evaluation of Transdermal gel of Ciprofloxacin

"Formulation and evaluation of Transdermal gel of Ciprofloxacin", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 10, page no.f189-f213, October-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2410517.pdf

"Formulation and evaluation of Transdermal gel of Ciprofloxacin", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 10, page no. ppf189-f213, October-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2410517.pdf