• Dr. Md. Mizanur Rahman

The agriculture industry of Bangladesh is crucial in boosting production, maintaining long-term food security, and generating job opportunities. However the present study has conducted to analyze the trend of actual yield of rice in Northern Bangladesh for different rice varieties, to identify the cause(s) of productivity variations and to estimate the profitability and risk of rice cultivation. The study was conducted at 4 districts of Rajshahi and Rongpur Division in Bangladesh. The districts were Rajshahi, Bogura, Rangpur and Dinajpur. It was a Descriptive and survey type. Selected different Government offices and study fields of 16 districts of Rajshahi and Rongpur Division in Bangladesh. Random sampling method was used for the study.Four (4) districts were selected for the study. From each districts 100 respondents were selected. So, total 400 respondents were selected for the Study. The respondents were farmers. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary data were collected from the respondents of the study area. Secondary data were collected from secondary sources. Questionnaire was used for primary data. From the result it was found that uncertainty of input costs; productivity and profitability are serious concerns for sustaining rice production. Amongst the input costs, irrigation is the highest contributor to the production cost (20–25%).This implies that government policies must target affordable irrigation water availability to the farmers. Efforts must be made to mechanize the transplanting and harvesting operations. We found that Hybrid rice and BRRI dhan 29 have the highest yields amongst different cultivated varieties. However, Hybrid rice yield was found to be most unstable, and farmers’ gross income was lower than the most other varieties. Interestingly, we found that BRRI dhan29’s yield and gross income are comparatively stable across the sites and over the years. However, this variety may only be suitable for commercial farming since it has a longer growing period and may not fit in farmers cropping calendar in places where three or more crops are grown in a year. Another option for commercial farming is Minikit cultivation which has zero negative net income. For semi-subsistence farming, BRRI dhan 28 is a good option. Another major finding of the research is that the variation in the market price of rice has a serious impact on overall profitability. Trend analyses showed an increasing and decreasing growth rates for the Aus, Aman, Boro, and total rice determinants in different periods. In Aus rice, area and production growth rate had significantly decreased in all the regions, while yield was significantly increased over the period. In the Aman season, the area growth rate was decreased for seven regions, but production and yield growth rates were significantly increased for all regions. Based on area, production, and yield, Boro rice have found a significant increasing trend in all the regions. It is recommended that some concrete measures need to be taken to increase and sustain rice production. A specialization-oriented approach regionally feasible plans should be implemented quickly introduce technology and research and expansion activities for low-contribution regions to improve productivity. Cluster-related policies should be implemented for top and bottom. A region that contributes to ensure the security of rice and food in Bangladesh. We recommend adoption of context-specific interventions to ensure affordable irrigation access, mechanization of transplanting and harvesting operations, choice of appropriate rice variety and stable input and market price to keep rice production profitable in northwest Bangladesh.

Rice, Cultivation, Season, Productivity, Variation, Risk

"Study on Productivity Variations and Risks of Rice Cultivation in Northern Region of Bangladesh", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 10, page no.f272-f304, October-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2410525.pdf

"Study on Productivity Variations and Risks of Rice Cultivation in Northern Region of Bangladesh", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 10, page no. ppf272-f304, October-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2410525.pdf