• Pankesh Bhagwat Katarnaware
• Aditya Kangane
• Dr. G. S. Talele

Glaucoma remains one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide, characterized by progressive optic nerve damage often associated with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). This article provides a comprehensive overview of current pharmacological treatments for glaucoma, with a particular emphasis on common prostaglandin analogues (PGAs), such as latanoprost, bimatoprost, travoprost, and tafluprost. These medications have demonstrated significant efficacy in lowering IOP through various mechanisms of action, making them first-line therapies. However, despite their effectiveness, a considerable proportion of glaucoma patients face challenges with medication adherence. Factors contributing to non-adherence include age-related difficulties, forgetfulness, complex medication regimens, financial constraints, and a lack of understanding about the disease and its treatment. The review highlights the critical role of patient-physician communication in addressing these adherence barriers. By fostering open dialogue and providing tailored education, healthcare providers can empower patients to recognize the importance of consistent medication use in preventing vision loss. Additionally, the article discusses the impact of emerging treatment modalities, including gene therapy and sustained-release delivery systems, which aim to improve adherence by minimizing the frequency of dosing and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. recent advancements in nanotechnology also present exciting possibilities for revolutionizing ocular drug delivery. Nanoparticles and nanoscale systems can enhance drug penetration, optimize release profiles, and reduce side effects, thereby improving the overall management of glaucoma. To sum up, ongoing research initiatives are essential for deepening our understanding of glaucoma and improving treatment strategies. By integrating innovative therapeutic approaches with a strong focus on patient education and adherence, we can significantly enhance the quality of life for individuals living with this chronic condition. The future of glaucoma management lies in a multifaceted approach that combines technological advancements with patient-centered care, ultimately aiming to preserve vision and improve outcomes for patients worldwide.

glaucoma, blindness, intraocular pressure, prostaglandin analogues (PGAs), selective laser trabeculoplasty, aqueous humour, uveoscleral outflow.

"Glaucoma Unveiled: A Review of Current Treatments and Emerging Therapeutic Advances", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 11, page no.a399-a420, November-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2411044.pdf

"Glaucoma Unveiled: A Review of Current Treatments and Emerging Therapeutic Advances", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 11, page no. ppa399-a420, November-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2411044.pdf