• Santosh SV
• Shreyaa Vinod
• Dr.Ewins Pon Pushpa

Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Machines have revolutionized manufacturing processes significantly and have formed an integral part of the Manufacturing Industry. These machines being highly reliable, exhibit high accuracy, efficiency, and adaptability which has drastically improved the scalability and efficiency of production, while contributing very little to the accumulation of material waste. However, these machines are often very expensive and exhibit high design complexity. The objective is to design and implement a cost-efficient 3-axis CNC Drawing and Writing machine used primarily for obtaining the 2D plotted text and image of any input text or image. The fabrication of the cost-efficient CNC machine called for the use of Arduino Uno R3 which is an open-source board based on ATmega328P, to act as the Micro Controller Unit and 28BYJ-48 Stepper motors to facilitate motion along the 3 axes. The control of the CNC machine is accomplished using a software programming language called G-code. The generation of the G-code from any image or text is facilitated using the Inkscape software which is then processed and fed to the controller using the Universal G-code Sender software. Finally, the translation of G-code to actuator motion is enabled by the motion control firmware, GRBL. The results showcase the capability of the machine to produce varied outputs which include vector-based drawings, raster-based drawings, detailed drawings, and PCB layouts.

Computer Numeric Control, Arduino Uno R3, ATmega328P, 28BYJ – 48 Stepper motor, G-code, Inkscape, Universal G-code sender, GRBL.

"2D CNC PLOTTER MACHINE", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 2, page no.b557-b562, February-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2502155.pdf

"2D CNC PLOTTER MACHINE", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 2, page no. ppb557-b562, February-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2502155.pdf