Abstract
Abstract
The fast pace of urbanization is necessitating the adoption of smart city technologies to maximize efficiency, sustainability, and quality of life. This study attempts to analyze the benefits, challenges, and future perspectives of smart city technologies through secondary data analysis. The research examines the key technologies of the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data for analysis, and e-governance while emphasizing their role in fields of transportation, energy management, public services, and governance. The outcome concludes that smart cities provide for urban mobility, environmental sustainability, economic growth, and the efficiency of public service delivery; however, there are major challenges such as concerns about privacy, cyber security risks, the digital divide, high cost of implementation, and governance issues that are still in critical need to be considered as barriers to its massive acceptance. The study calls for inclusive policies to address these challenges, imposing a strong cyber security framework, engaging in public-private partnerships, and positioning itself with the UN SDGs. Future research should also focus on long-term implications, ethical implications, and the scalability of smart city projects in diverse urban contexts. Smart cities must become equitable, resilient, and sustainable urban settlements in which every citizen's well-being is maximized by balancing technological advancements with social inclusion and environmental responsibility.