• Resham Parween
• Lakhi Gorai
• Sangita Hansda
• Shakti Pada Mahto
• DR.RAVI RANJAN

Darwinian medicine, also known as evolutionary medicine, applies evolutionary principles to understand the origins and persistence of diseases. This field provides insight into why certain medical conditions arise by examining human physiology and pathology through the lens of natural selection. While modern medicine primarily focuses on immediate treatments, Darwinian medicine explores the evolutionary trade-offs that contribute to disease susceptibility, such as genetic adaptations that once provided survival benefits but now predispose individuals to chronic illnesses. This review highlights key concepts in evolutionary medicine, including pathogen evolution, host-pathogen interactions, the mismatch hypothesis, and the role of genetic trade-offs in diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and autoimmune conditions. Additionally, the review discusses how understanding evolutionary pressures can inform preventive strategies and therapeutic interventions. By integrating evolutionary perspectives into medical research and clinical practice, Darwinian medicine offers a more comprehensive framework for addressing modern health challenges. Future research in this field can enhance disease prevention, improve treatment strategies, and provide novel insights into human health.

Darwinian medicine, evolutionary medicine, natural selection, disease susceptibility, genetic trade-offs, mismatch hypothesis, host-pathogen interactions, chronic diseases

"Evolution and Disease: A Review of Darwinian Principles in Medicine", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 3, page no.e728-e730, March-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2503498.pdf

"Evolution and Disease: A Review of Darwinian Principles in Medicine", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 3, page no. ppe728-e730, March-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2503498.pdf