• Dr.S.N.Chavan
• A.V.Waghmode
• H.P. Shinde
• C.R Manasa

ABSTRACT:- Ocimum gratissimum, Lamiaceae is a valuable medicinal plant utilized in traditional and modern medicine for treating various conditions. In this study, we investigated the induction of callus from leaf explants of O. gratissimum. Cytological analysis to characterize the formed callus was further undertaken to understand callus growth and differentiation. Sterilized leaf explants were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of Auxins (2, 4-D) and Cytokinins (BAP). The response of the explants was observed over time, focusing on curling as an indicator of callus initiation Leaf explants exhibited curling within specific time frames depending on the hormonal supplementation. Supplementation with 2, 4-D resulted in the most efficient induction of callus formation from leaf explants of O. gratissimum. Cytological analysis of the formed leaf callus provided insights into the cellular dynamics during callus formation, revealing the presence of normal cells, enlarged cells, simple pits, and Cytodifferentiation. In the present study, standardization and optimization of the conditions for callus induction from leaf explants of O. gratissimum using 2,4-D supplementation on MS media was achieved. The cytological analysis further elucidated the cellular changes associated with callus formation, contributing to our understanding of tissue culture techniques for this important medicinal plant. This study is also useful as production of secondary metabolites having medicinal value can be optimized using this technique. Further research on selection explants and cost effective/alternate media will also help in making the technology transfer feasible.

Keywords : Explant, M.S.Media, Cytology, Micropropagation

"STUDIES ON CALLUS INDUCTION AND IN VITRO CYTOLOGY OF Ocimum gratissimum L.", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 3, page no.g603-g615, March-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2503673.pdf

"STUDIES ON CALLUS INDUCTION AND IN VITRO CYTOLOGY OF Ocimum gratissimum L.", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 3, page no. ppg603-g615, March-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2503673.pdf