• DURGA PRASAD RAJULAPATI
• Challa Lakshmi Naga Charishma
• Koorakula Mani kondalu
• Dulla Raja Tejaswini
• Panduru Shyam

With the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT), Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have become essential for applications such as agriculture, urban infrastructure monitoring, and environmental sensing. However, optimizing energy efficiency and coverage remains a critical challenge. This research presents an enhanced sensor node coverage model leveraging an improved Grey Wolf Algorithm (GWO) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) for efficient routing. The proposed approach ensures 100% monitoring coverage while significantly reducing energy consumption. Experimental results demonstrate a 5.08% improvement in coverage efficiency with 40 nodes compared to conventional methods, contributing to prolonged network lifespan and lower maintenance costs. These findings pave the way for intelligent monitoring and sustainable WSN deployment in real-world applications.

"ENERGY-EFFICIENT COVERAGE AND ROUTING BY ACO OPTIMIZATION WITH IMPROVING PERFORMACE OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 3, page no.h721-h730, March-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2503788.pdf

"ENERGY-EFFICIENT COVERAGE AND ROUTING BY ACO OPTIMIZATION WITH IMPROVING PERFORMACE OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 3, page no. pph721-h730, March-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2503788.pdf