• Vivek sharma

Abstract: Helicobacter pylori is a ubiquitous Gram-negative bacterium that primarily inhabits the human stomach, where it thrives despite the highly acidic environment. Recognized as a major contributor to various gastrointestinal disorders, H. pylori is implicated in conditions such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and even gastric cancer. Its unique ability to survive and persist in the stomach is due to a combination of structural adaptations, including a helical shape, flagella for motility, and the production of urease to neutralize stomach acid. Additionally, the bacterium’s ability to manipulate host immune responses through various virulence factors, including CagA and VacA, plays a pivotal role in disease progression. The prevalence of H. pylori infection is high globally, but not all individuals infected with the bacterium develop symptoms, highlighting the complex interaction between host factors and pathogen virulence. This chapter explores the microbiological characteristics, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic approaches associated with H. pylori infection. Furthermore, it examines current treatment strategies, challenges posed by antibiotic resistance, and the future potential of vaccines and tailored therapies for better management. Understanding the mechanisms of this pathogen is critical for effective disease prevention and treatment, ultimately reducing the burden of gastric-related diseases worldwide.

chapter

"Helicobacter pylori: A Persistent Pathogen in Gastrointestinal Diseases", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 5, page no.d21-d23, May-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2505334.pdf

"Helicobacter pylori: A Persistent Pathogen in Gastrointestinal Diseases", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 5, page no. ppd21-d23, May-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2505334.pdf