• Ruel B. Opena
• Fausto C. Romero, Jr.

This study investigated the effects of mathematics physical manipulatives on enhancing the academic performance of learners in geometry at Toytoy Integrated Elementary School, Garchitorena District, Division of Camarines Sur, for the school year 2024–2025. Specifically, it examined: (1) the status of learners’ academic performance in geometry based on visualizing and describing solid figures, distinguishing solid from plane figures, and identifying faces of solid figures; (2) the instructional design of the manipulatives based on content, outcomes, activities, and assessment; (3) the curricular validity of the tool in terms of face, content, and construct; (4) the nature of the manipulatives used; (5) their acceptability in terms of appearance, usability, and alignment with intended outcomes; and (6) the learners’ performance after using the manipulatives. Using a descriptive-comparative method, data were collected through a teacher-made test administered to 30 learners and validated by five experts using an evaluation checklist. Statistical tools included Mean, Standard Deviation, Performance Level, t-test for dependent samples, and Cohen’s d. Results revealed that learners’ initial performance in geometry was at a low proficiency level (overall PL = 29.00). After the intervention, performance significantly improved (overall PL = 92.67), with a large effect size (Cohen’s d = 3.495). The manipulatives were rated highly valid (AWM = 3.57) and acceptable. Significant differences were found between pre- and post-test scores (t = 39.185, p = 0.000). The study concludes that physical manipulatives are highly effective in improving geometric understanding and recommends their integration into regular instruction.

Mathematics, Manipulatives, Academic Performance, Grade 6 Learners

"Mathematics Physical Manipulatives and Academic Performance of Grade 6 Learners", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 5, page no.k523-k529, May-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2505B44.pdf

"Mathematics Physical Manipulatives and Academic Performance of Grade 6 Learners", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 5, page no. ppk523-k529, May-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2505B44.pdf