• Mahendra Kumar Pandey
• Sandeep Kumar Agrawal
• Sanjay Patsariya

In recent years, digitization play a big role in human life as numerous applications. Therefore, authentication, information security and other various issues are raised with multimedia sources and contents. These concerns have triggered significant research to find ways to protect the multimedia contents like image, video, audio, or text etc. To achieve this, we have proposed a hybrid image watermarking technique based on Discrete Wavelet Transforms and Singular Value Decomposition for embedding the watermark in Low frequency band and also compare the performance of the proposed work at different value of SF to satisfy the imperceptibility and robustness.

Digital Watermarking; Discrete Wavelet Transform, singular value decomposition (SVD), scaling factor PSNR, NCC etc.

" Comparative Analysis of Wavelet Based Digital Image Watermarking In Low Frequency Band ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 6, page no.c333-c337, June-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2506249.pdf

" Comparative Analysis of Wavelet Based Digital Image Watermarking In Low Frequency Band ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 6, page no. ppc333-c337, June-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2506249.pdf