• Shanu Mishra
• Shanu Mishra
• Raj K Prasad
• Dr.Arvind kumar Shrivastava
• Dr.Shweta Shrivastava

The Banyan tree, or Ficus benghalensis Linn., is a well-known species in the Moraceae family with a long history of use in traditional healthcare systems like Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani throughout the Indian Subcontinent and other Asian countries. Prized for its wide growth, longevity, and ecological significance, almost every part of the tree—leaves, bark, aerial roots, fruits, buds, and latex—has been used historically to treat a remarkably wide range of human ailments. Current research on the chemical components and biological activities of F. benghalensis is summarized in this thorough review. Phytochemical studies have shown a rich profile of secondary metabolites, primarily comprising flavonoids, terpenoids, sterols, phenolics, alkaloids, and carbohydrates, with particular compounds differing among plant parts. Pharmacological studies have largely supported conventional claims, show a broad spectrum of biological activities like its antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, immunomodulatory, wound healing, and hepatoprotective effects. These activities are often attributed to the synergistic action of its complex phytochemical composition. While preclinical evidence is compelling, the review highlights critical research gaps, including the need for detailed mechanistic elucidations, comprehensive toxicological assessments, pharmacokinetic profiling, and robust human clinical trials to fully translate its therapeutic potential into modern pharmaceutical applications. Emerging research in nanotechnological applications for enhanced delivery and efficacy also presents a promising future direction for this revered medicinal plant.

Keywords: Ficus benghalensis, Medicinal plants, Phytochemicals, Traditional medicine, Pharmacological activity, Secondary metabolites, Ethnopharmacology, Herbal drug development, Ayurvedic medicine, Banyan tree

"A Comprehensive Review of Ficus benghalensis : Phytochemical constituent and its Pharmacological Activity", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 6, page no.i750-i779, June-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2506887.pdf

"A Comprehensive Review of Ficus benghalensis : Phytochemical constituent and its Pharmacological Activity", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 6, page no. ppi750-i779, June-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2506887.pdf