• Rasheeba K N

The article discusses the role of the United Planters Association of South India (UPASI) in the introduction and expansion of capitalist agriculture in Malabar, particularly focusing on the development of plantations in the region. The establishment of coffee, tea, and rubber plantations in the highlands of South India, especially in Malabar and neighbouring areas, marked a significant shift towards commercialization of agriculture. UPASI played a pivotal role in shaping this plantation economy, promoting mono-cropping, and industrializing the agriculture sector. The association’s efforts in improving transport, communication, and infrastructure, along with the introduction of modern agricultural practices, contributed to the transformation of the region into a significant part of the global capitalist system. The article also highlights the labour system, the challenges faced by workers, and the socio-economic impacts of plantation agriculture in Malabar.

United Planters Association of South India (UPASI), Capitalist agriculture, Malabar plantations, Coffee, Tea cultivation, Rubber industry, Labour system in plantations.

"The Role Of United Planters' Association Of Southern India (Upasi) For The Introduction Of Capitalist Agriculture In Malabar", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 7, page no.f279-f283, July-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2507531.pdf

"The Role Of United Planters' Association Of Southern India (Upasi) For The Introduction Of Capitalist Agriculture In Malabar", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 7, page no. ppf279-f283, July-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2507531.pdf