• Neeraj Kumar
• Dr. Maukam Singh

Since 1991, Agra has experienced rapid population growth and outward expansion driven by labour in-migration linked to the footwear/leather complex, construction and tourism services, and connectivity improvements (notably the Agra–Lucknow and Yamuna expressways). The city’s built-up footprint has sprawled into peri-urban villages while dense worker housing clusters and slum settlements have proliferated within the municipal area. Synthesising Census data (1991–2011), cluster diagnostics, master-plan materials, and remote-sensing studies, this paper traces the channels through which labour influx has shaped Agra’s spatial form, infrastructure pressures, and environmental risks, and proposes policy responses for inclusive, compact, and productive growth.

Population growth, Urban sprawl, Labour influx, Build up area

"Impact of Labour Influx on Urban Sprawl in Agra City Since 1991", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 8, page no.e137-e142, August-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2508419.pdf

"Impact of Labour Influx on Urban Sprawl in Agra City Since 1991", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 8, page no. ppe137-e142, August-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2508419.pdf