• Dr. N. Sreedhar
• Dr. S.V. Suneetha

Sanitation has become a hot topic in the country these days and a matter of serious discussion at every level. The talk of ‘Sauchalaya before Devalaya’ is getting louder and louder and a further dimension of achieving the open defection-free status and management of solid and liquid waste has been added to it. Lack of adequate sanitation is a pressing challenge in both rural and urban India. Sanitation-related diseases take a heavy toll on lives, especially children’s lives, and loss of productivity and income. Inadequate sanitation leads to the indignity of open defecation especially for women and young girls. The challenge that India, with its large population, size and different hydro-geological regions faces in the areas of sanitation is unique and unparalleled in the world. The situation is even more challenging for young, school-going girls who cannot access this basic necessity. Every month, girls between the ages of 12 and 18 miss school for 5 days every month during their menstrual cycle because there are no decent toilet facilities in the school. The Government of India has taken on this enormous challenge by pledging to provide sanitation facilities in all rural areas through its flagship programme “Total Sanitation Campaign” (TSC). TSC has been successful in changing the rural sanitation coverage from a mere 21% as per the 2001 Census to 67% of households in the year 2011 with over 22,618 PRIs becoming open defecation-free Nirmal Grams.

Sanitation, Indian Sanitation, Sanitation in India, Sauchalaya etc.

"An Analysis of Indian Sanitation", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 9, page no.f57-f65, September-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2509509.pdf

"An Analysis of Indian Sanitation", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 9, page no. ppf57-f65, September-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2509509.pdf