• Olatunbosun, Mayowa E

Electrical substations face critical risks such as fire, seismic activity, and unauthorized access that threaten safety and reliability. Conventional single-sensor detection systems often generate false alarms and fail to provide dependable protection. This study presents a cost-effective multi-sensor hazard detection system that integrates an MQ2 smoke detector, infrared motion sensor, and vibration sensor with a microcontroller. The system interprets signals, compares them against defined thresholds, and activates alarms through light emitting diodes (LEDs), a buzzer, and liquid crystal display (LCD) display when hazards are detected. Experimental tests under simulated fire, motion, and vibration scenarios showed that the smoke sensor achieved the highest reliability at a threshold of 300 PPM, while the infrared sensor was prone to occasional false alarms and the vibration sensor effectively detected shocks. By combining sensors, overall reliability improved compared to single-sensor systems. The proposed design demonstrates the potential for affordable hazard detection in substations and industrial plants. Future extensions could integrate IoT connectivity, lightweight machine learning, and digital twin technologies for predictive monitoring and remote management.

Hazard detection, Predictive analysis, Internet of Things (IoT), Multi-sensor system, Smart grid monitoring

"Design and Implementation of a Multi-Sensor Hazard Detection System Using Predictive Analysis ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no.a56-a60, October-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510008.pdf

"Design and Implementation of a Multi-Sensor Hazard Detection System Using Predictive Analysis ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no. ppa56-a60, October-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510008.pdf