• Sayak Kr. Dutta
• Nishtha Bhosale

This research paper compares and analyses the implementation of land law in India and Finland by majorly highlighting the persistent gaps between legal frameworks and practices. India face challenges with inconsistent enforcements, lack of transparency, weak rehabilitation, and colonial legacies, while Finland faces multi-level governance complexities, legal rigidity and climate adaption needs. By analyzing the historical evolution of land laws, the governance structure and various case studies, this paper evaluates how legal culture, institutions and the stakeholder engagement shape the land governance outcomes. This research aims to highlight the importance of aligning with legal intent with ground reality, fostering inclusive land management practices, promoting institutional accountability and offering lessons to policymakers, legal scholars and development practitioners about the importance and need for context sensitive reforms and cross-national learnings in order to bridge the persistence gap between law and its implications.

Land Law, Implementation Gap, Legal Framework, Governance, Legal Culture, Inclusive land management, Socio-Legal factors, administrative challenges.

"PERSISTENT GAPS BETWEEN LAND LAW AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION: COMPARISION STUDY BWTWEEN INDIA & FINLAND", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no.a522-a530, October-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510065.pdf

"PERSISTENT GAPS BETWEEN LAND LAW AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION: COMPARISION STUDY BWTWEEN INDIA & FINLAND", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no. ppa522-a530, October-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510065.pdf