• Harshita Mishra
• K.Suresh Kumar
• Pratibha Kushwaha
• Vandana
• Swati Mishra

The study investigated the effects of copper (Cu) stress on pigment levels (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid), total soluble protein, carbohydrate, and proline levels in Lemna minor L. under controlled laboratory conditions. Cu treatments were applied at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 mg /L over a duration of 96 hours. The findings of the study indicated that Cu influenced the growth rate, pigmentation, and biochemical state of L. minor. Lemna minor exhibited a reduction in growth rate, pigment levels, total soluble protein, and carbohydrate content, alongside an increase in proline concentration following 96 hours of Cu exposure. Increased copper concentrations (3 mg/l, 5 mg/l, and 7 mg/l) lead to reductions in chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid levels, with chlorophyll b exhibiting the most significant decrease at 7 mg/l. The growth rate declines at concentrations of 5 mg/l and 3 mg/l. The biochemical contents of protein and carbohydrate reach a maximum decrease at a Cu concentration of 7 mg/L, while proline content exhibits an increase with rising Cu concentration. This study's findings indicate that Lemna minor is suitable for the phytoremediation of water bodies contaminated with low levels of Cu.

Copper, Lemna minor, Growth rate, Pigment content, Biochemical components, Phytoremediation.

"Ecotoxicological impact of copper on the growth rate, pigment and biochemical components in lemna minor", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no.b815-b822, October-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510199.pdf

"Ecotoxicological impact of copper on the growth rate, pigment and biochemical components in lemna minor", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no. ppb815-b822, October-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510199.pdf