• Dr.Chakradhar Pani

The concepts of "Constitution" and "Constitutionalism" are key to India's political and legal systems. The Constitution of India, adopted on November 26, 1949, and enacted on January 26, 1950, is the highest law in the country. The paper provides detailed discussion on the definitions of and relationships between law, constitution, and constitutionalism. This is followed by tracing the historical evolution of the concept through its development from the ancient Greek scholars to modern Europe to contemporary democratic world order. Also, paper deals with the emergence of constitutionalism in the Indian subcontinent with significant focus on political and legal developments in India. Key Words: Constitutionalism, Constitution, India, India. It outlines the main political principles, the structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions, and specifies the fundamental rights, directive principles, and duties of citizens. s. It ensures that the government acts within the boundaries set by the Constitution, preventing misuse of power. So, while the Constitution sets up the legal structure of governance, Constitutionalism ensures these principles are followed, safeguarding democracy and protecting individual freedoms.

Constitution, Constitutionalism, democracy, government, legal framework

"COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS AND EVOLUTION OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND ITS PRINCIPLES", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no.c326-c331, October-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510246.pdf

"COMPARITIVE ANALYSIS AND EVOLUTION OF CONSTITUTIONAL LAW AND ITS PRINCIPLES", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no. ppc326-c331, October-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510246.pdf