• Sudharani
• Mohammad Parvez
• Abdul Muqeet
• Shaikh Maaz
• Syed Mubeen,Syed Fareed

The increasing demand for reliable electric power necessitates rapid fault detection in transmission lines to ensure uninterrupted supply and system protection. This project presents a smart and cost-effective solution for detecting faults in 3-phase transmission lines using the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller. India’s vast transmission network is critical to delivering reliable power, yet it faces frequent faults due to environmental, technical, and infrastructure issues. With transmission and distribution losses estimated at nearly 20% nationally, and multiple grid disturbances recorded annually, the need for efficient fault monitoring is urgent. The system continuously monitors phase conditions and identifies common fault types, such as single-line-to-ground, line-to-line, and three-phase faults. Once a fault is detected, the system sends real-time alerts via Wi-Fi to a remote monitoring interface, enabling quicker response and improved reliability. By leveraging IoT capabilities, the proposed system offers a scalable solution ideal for deployment in remote or resource-limited areas.

Three-phase transmission line, Fault detection, NodeMCU ESP8266, IoT monitoring, Smart grid

"THREE PHASE TRANSMISSION LINE FAULT DETECTOR", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no.e210-e214, October-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510432.pdf

"THREE PHASE TRANSMISSION LINE FAULT DETECTOR", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 10, page no. ppe210-e214, October-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2510432.pdf