• Soumya Kuber

This study examines the relationship between firm age, bankruptcy risk and financial risk as indicators of corporate financial health within the automobile sector. Using panel data for nine years (2017-2025), the research employs a Linear Mixed-Effects Model and bootstrapped regression to assess the influence of firm age on the Altman Z-score, followed by Kendall’s tau correlation to explore its association with volatility of net income. Results reveal that firm age significantly and negatively affects the Altman Z-score, suggesting that older firms face greater bankruptcy risk. Conversely, a moderate positive association between firm age and income volatility indicate that mature firms experience greater earnings fluctuation. These outcomes reflect the structural and competitive realities of the Indian automobile industry, where capital intensity, regulatory shifts and technological transitions influence long-term corporate financial health. Notably, no control variables were included, allowing firm age to be examined as an independent determinant of financial health. The study underscores the relevance of firm age as a standalone indicator in financial risk assessment and provides a foundation for further sector- specific exploration.

Altman Z-score; Bankruptcy Risk; Bootsrapped Regression; Corporate Financial Health; Financial Risk; Firm Age; Net Income Volatility; Linear-Mixed Effects Model

"Assessing the Impact of Firm age on Bankruptcy and Financial Risk: Empirical Insights into Corporate Financial Health ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 11, page no.c600-c611, November-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2511274.pdf

"Assessing the Impact of Firm age on Bankruptcy and Financial Risk: Empirical Insights into Corporate Financial Health ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 11, page no. ppc600-c611, November-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2511274.pdf