• Nidhi Narayan
• Adyuth V
• Pranav Neelkanth Hugar
• Dr Pallavi Kulkarni

As better quantum computers are being developed, them breaking classical cryptography in polynomial time is now a looming threat. Shor’s algorithm proves mathematically that current encryption standards are not secure against the computing power of quantum computers. Currently popular Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) algorithms are compute-intensive, also requiring large key sizes. This hinders the adoption of PQC algorithms in real-world digital security systems. There exists a gap in the case of password managers, where adoption of PQC practices is scarce. This survey focuses on the possible PQC primitives, their drawbacks and methods to possibly overcome these drawbacks. This information will be used to determine efficient approaches for building a PQC-based Password Manager. The survey will also consider their mathematical base, their security level and also how efficient they are. The performance trade-offs when PQC algorithms are used is also mentioned in the survey. It also justifies why we need solutions that are scalable, secure and also practical in the post quantum era.

Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), Password Managers, ML-KEM, ML-DSA, Quantum Computing, Lattice-based Cryptography, Cryptographic Transition, Hybrid Encryption

"A Survey on Post-Quantum Cryptography Approaches for Secure Password Management", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 11, page no.d441-d446, November-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2511349.pdf

"A Survey on Post-Quantum Cryptography Approaches for Secure Password Management", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 11, page no. ppd441-d446, November-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2511349.pdf