• Neha P. Sharnagate
• Adesh B. Samrit
• Mahima R. Bijewar
• Deepak S. Dodke
• Prachi J. Dangre

The triaryl imidazole (TPI) scaffold has emerged as a privileged structure in modern drug discovery due to its versatile biological activity, distinct electronic profile, and structural adaptability. Characterized by an electron-rich imidazole core and three hydrophobic aryl rings, TPI derivatives demonstrate strong interactions with diverse biological targets, enabling potent inhibitory effects across multiple disease pathways. Recent developments highlight their prominence as multi-target kinase inhibitors, particularly against p38 MAPK and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), where their structural framework allows optimal binding within deep hydrophobic enzyme pockets. Alongside anticancer potential, TPI derivatives also exhibit broad pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, antifungal, and antioxidant effects. However, their high lipophilicity and poor aqueous solubility present significant biopharmaceutical challenges, driving research toward strategic molecular derivatization, N-1 functionalization, and modern formulation approaches to improve drug-likeness. This review consolidates recent advances in synthetic strategies, structure-activity relationships, and therapeutic applications, positioning triphenyl imidazole as a robust platform for developing next-generation multitarget therapeutics.

Triphenyl imidazole, Privileged scaffold, Kinase inhibition, focal adhesion kinase, Multi-target therapeutics, Drug design.

"The Triphenyl Imidazole (TPI) Scaffold as a Privileged Structure in Drug Discovery: Recent Advances in Multi-Target Kinase Inhibition and SAR Profiling.", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 12, page no.a19-a25, December-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2512004.pdf

"The Triphenyl Imidazole (TPI) Scaffold as a Privileged Structure in Drug Discovery: Recent Advances in Multi-Target Kinase Inhibition and SAR Profiling.", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 12, page no. ppa19-a25, December-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2512004.pdf