• S. Rashitha Parveen
• P. Gomathi
• R. Princelin Remi

Nano vaccines are a modern and innovative approach to vaccination that uses nanotechnology to improve how vaccines work. These vaccines contain extremely tiny carriers like liposomes, nanoparticles, and virus-like particles that help to deliver the vaccine components more effectively and safely. Because of their small size and smart design, nano vaccines can closely resemble actual viruses or bacteria, which helps the immune system recognize and respond to them more strongly. There are several types of nano vaccines based on the materials used to make them, including lipid-based, polymer-based, protein-based, inorganic, and virus-like particle-based nano vaccines. Each type has its own benefits, like being more stable or triggering a better immune response. Their flexibility and potential, nano vaccines are being developed to protect against infections, fight cancer, and address new health challenges. Researchers are continuing to explore and improve them to make vaccines more effective and easier to use in the future. This review article summarises about the biodegradable and non-biodegradable of nano vaccines.

Nano vaccine, Vaccine delivery, Immune responses, Biocompatibility, Targeted delivery, Controlled release, Nanocarriers, Polymer-based, Protein-based, Inorganic nanoparticles, Virus-like particles

"NANOVACCINES", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 12, page no.d6-d17, December-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2512303.pdf

"NANOVACCINES", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 12, page no. ppd6-d17, December-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2512303.pdf