• Dr. R. Sakthivel
• Anderson Mtonga

The interaction between HIV infection and malnutrition presents a major public health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV increases energy requirements, reduces dietary intake, and impairs nutrient absorption, often resulting in weight loss and wasting. To address HIV-related under nutrition, Zambia has integrated High Energy and Protein Supplementation (HEPS) into HIV care programs. Despite this intervention, improvements in nutritional status among some beneficiaries remain minimal. This study assessed the social, economic, and demographic factors influencing adherence to HEPS among undernourished people living with HIV (PLWHIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy at the University Teaching Hospital Adult Infectious Disease Centre in Lusaka. A mixed-method approach combining longitudinal analysis of body mass index (BMI) records and a cross-sectional survey was employed among 100 HEPS recipients, with 72 respondents completing a structured questionnaire. The findings revealed generally poor adherence to HEPS, with alcohol consumption, low income, marital status, family support, gender, and employment status emerging as the most influential factors. The study concludes that nutritional interventions for PLWHIV must be complemented by socio-economic and behavioral support to achieve meaningful and sustained nutritional outcomes.

HIV, Malnutrition, HEPS, Nutritional Adherence, BMI, Zambia, PLWHIV

"Factors Influencing Adherence to High Energy and Protein Supplementation (HEPS) among People Living with HIV in Lusaka, Zambia", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 1, page no.a320-a326, January-2026, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2601040.pdf

"Factors Influencing Adherence to High Energy and Protein Supplementation (HEPS) among People Living with HIV in Lusaka, Zambia", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 1, page no. ppa320-a326, January-2026, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2601040.pdf