• Ma. Socorro G. Leong-on

In vitro antibacterial activity of Syzygium cumini ethanolic leaf and bark extract as an active component of a hand sanitizer against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli have not yet been studied. Generally, the aim of this study was to determine the in vitro antibacterial activity of a hand sanitizer formulated with S. cumini leaf and bark ethanolic extracts against S. aureus and E. coli. Hand sanitizers containing increasing concentrations (25%, 50%, and 75%) of leaf, bark, and combined leaf and bark extracts combined with water, glycerin, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), were assayed using the agar well diffusion method against E. coli and S. aureus, in 2 trials and 3 replicates. One-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests confirmed the significant differences at p≤0.05. The leaf-based hand sanitizer demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus at the following concentrations: 25% (mean = 2.17, sd = 0.21), 50% (mean = 2.00, sd = 0.44), and 75% (mean = 2.37, sd = 0.49). This was comparable to the positive control (mean =1.67, sd = 0.06). The sanitizer with combined leaf and bark extracts exhibited significant antibacterial activity also at 25% (mean = 1.73, sd = 0.42), 50% (mean = 2.02, sd = 0.04), and 75% (mean = 2.13, sd = 0.08), and comparable to the positive control. No antibacterial activity was observed against E. coli with all leaf, bark, and combined extracts. These findings highlighted the potential of S. cumini leaf extracts in natural hand sanitizer formulation against Gram-positive bacteria, such as S. aureus.

Keywords: Syzygium cumini, hand sanitizer, antibacterial activity, leaf and bark extract

"In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Syzygium cumini (Lomboy) Bark and Leaf Ethanolic Extract as a Component in Hand Sanitizer", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 1, page no.b199-b204, January-2026, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2601132.pdf

"In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Syzygium cumini (Lomboy) Bark and Leaf Ethanolic Extract as a Component in Hand Sanitizer", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 1, page no. ppb199-b204, January-2026, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2601132.pdf