• Balaji Ghanshyam Nikam
• Sakshi Subhas Kumbhar
• Samruddhi Rajendra Yadav
• Sanika Sudam Kirtikar

Recognized worldwide for its wide therapeutic potential, the Neem tree (Azadirachta indica) has moved from traditional healing systems like Ayurveda to a focus in modern medical research. This botanical powerhouse contains a complex mix of over 140 biologically active molecules, including important compounds such as azadirachtin, nimbin, and nimbidin, which support its strong anti-fungal properties. Scientific studies show that extracts from Neem leaves, using solvents like ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate, effectively reduce the growth of various pathogens, including Candida albicans, Aspergillus species, and Malassezia furfur. The strength of this growth reduction usually increases with the extract's concentration, with higher levels offering more effective protection against fungal growth and spore development. The effectiveness of Neem does not come from a single "active ingredient" but from the teamwork of its components. For example, while the isolated compound nimonol has no independent antifungal power, removing it weakens the extract's overall effectiveness. Neem works through several methods, such as damaging the structure of fungal cell walls, stopping the formation of biofilms, and blocking the release of harmful mycotoxins. As global health faces rising microbial resistance to synthetic drugs like Ketoconazole, Neem offers a sustainable, low-cost, and eco-friendly alternative. Its low toxicity and biodegradable nature make it a promising choice for future use in pharmaceuticals and agriculture, as long as further clinical standardization takes place. To understand how Neem operates, think of it as a complex security system protecting a building. Instead of depending on a single lock that a burglar (the fungus) might eventually figure out, Neem uses multiple layers of defense, including cameras, motion sensors, and reinforced glass that work together. If you remove just one sensor, the entire system becomes weaker. This highlights that the strength lies in the combined network rather than in any individual part.

Neem, Azadirachta indica, azadirachtin, nimbin, and nimbidin, antifunal activity.

"Antifungal activity of Azadirachta Indica (Neem tree): A Review", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 2, page no.a310-a313, February-2026, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2602042.pdf

"Antifungal activity of Azadirachta Indica (Neem tree): A Review", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 2, page no. ppa310-a313, February-2026, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2602042.pdf