Abstract
Contemporary global politics is characterized by intensifying geopolitical rivalry, strategic contestation, and renewed militarization rather than peace and diplomacy. The ongoing Russia–Ukraine war has not only questioned the durability of United States hegemony but has simultaneously signaled the rise of China as a consequential military and economic actor in international politics. China’s growing presence in the Indo-Pacific region has compelled India to recalibrate its strategic posture, enhance its power projection capabilities, and deepen its foreign policy partnerships to counterbalance Beijing’s influence. The emergence of actors such as Japan, Germany, and the European Union has further accelerated the transformation of the post-Cold War unipolar order into a multipolar configuration characterized by complex economic interdependence and competitive security alignments.
Within this shifting geopolitical context, the end of unipolar dominance, China’s peaceful rise, and the emergence of Viksit Bharat (Developed India by 2047) constitute new and significant trends in the global order. This paper examines India’s engagement with major world powers—including the United States, China, Russia, and Japan—and evaluates India’s potential role as a decisive actor in shaping future global governance architectures. It analyses the strategic objectives and instruments of Indian foreign policy, the imperatives of economic transformation, the quest for energy self-sufficiency, regional diplomacy under the “Neighbourhood First” framework, and India’s normative agenda on sustainability and climate governance. The paper argues that the vision of Viksit Bharat presents India as a prospective advocate of intercultural harmony, peace, and multilateralism. By 2047, a developed India is anticipated to be economically robust, strategically capable, technologically competitive, and normatively influential in global politics. The realization of this vision, however, necessitates a consolidated effort to overcome structural domestic weaknesses, expand diplomatic partnerships, enhance state capacity, and institutionalize long-term national development strategies.