• Ankush Kumar
• Ganga Singh
• Dinesh Kumar

This paper reviews the development and behavior of Glass Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (GFRALs), a hybrid material that combines glass fiber polymer composites with aluminum sheets to achieve lightweight and durable structures. The review first explains the concept of fiber metal laminates and summarizes major systems such as GLARE, ARALL, and CARALL to show why glass fiber based laminates are attractive for cost sensitive applications. It then discusses key GFRAL constituents, including the influence of chopped strand mat and woven roving mat architectures, and compares epoxy and vinyl ester resins in terms of strength, toughness, processing, and long term durability. The paper also outlines typical hand lay up fabrication steps and highlights how surface preparation and curing conditions affect void content and metal–composite bonding. Reported mechanical results from the literature show that woven roving and epoxy systems generally provide higher tensile and flexural strength, while vinyl ester improves impact energy absorption, with failure governed by matrix cracking, debonding, delamination, and fiber breakage. Finally, the review identifies research gaps related to environmental aging, advanced manufacturing routes, and optimized laminate designs, and emphasizes the potential of GFRALs in automotive, aerospace, marine, infrastructure, and defense sectors where weight reduction and damage tolerance are both important.

Glass Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Laminates; fiber metal laminates; glass fiber mat; epoxy resin; vinyl ester resin; hand lay up; tensile properties; flexural behavior; low velocity impact; interfacial adhesion

"Comprehensive Literature Review of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (GFRALs)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 2, page no.b576-b590, February-2026, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2602177.pdf

"Comprehensive Literature Review of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (GFRALs)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 2, page no. ppb576-b590, February-2026, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2602177.pdf