• Anil Chouhan

This paper presents the second phase of an underwater sensor network study for environmental monitoring. The earlier phase evaluated packet forwarding and energy use in a simplified acoustic link. The present work moves to the next communication problem: multipath propagation. In water, the transmitted acoustic signal can arrive at the receiver through a direct path and through delayed reflected paths. These delayed components produce inter-symbol interference and can increase the bit error rate even when the routing path is suitable. To study this effect without making the project unnecessarily complex, a three-path acoustic channel is introduced and a short trained linear equalizer is applied at the receiver. Binary phase-shift keying is used and the channel is evaluated from 0 to 20 dB SNR. The comparison is made between the same multipath link before and after equalization using Bit Error Rate (BER) and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR). In the reproducible numerical simulation, BER at 10 dB decreases from about 0.0480 without equalization to about 0.0048 with equalization. At 12 dB, the estimated PDR of a 256-bit packet improves from almost zero to about 85.8%. At 14 dB, the equalized link provides approximately 99.4% packet delivery. The results show that a simple receiver equalizer can reduce the effect of multipath and ISI and can provide the communication-layer improvement required after the routing-focused first phase. In the common executed results, packet delivery is also counted directly over non-overlapping 256-bit held-out blocks; the table reports that direct error-free packet fraction, not a full routed-network PDR.

Underwater Sensor Network, Acoustic Communication, Environmental Monitoring, Multipath, Inter-Symbol Interference, Equalization, BER, PDR.

"PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF AN UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORK USING MULTIPATH-AWARE ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION AND EQUALIZATION", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 10, page no.b447-b452, October-2026, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2610147.pdf

"PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF AN UNDERWATER SENSOR NETWORK USING MULTIPATH-AWARE ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION AND EQUALIZATION", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 10, page no. ppb447-b452, October-2026, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2610147.pdf