Abstract
Background: Child abuse is a serious public health and social problem that affects millions of children worldwide. Children are vulnerable to various forms of abuse, including physical, emotional, and sexual abuse, which can have long-lasting effects on their physical, psychological, and social well-being. Lack of awareness regarding personal safety and body boundaries increases the risk of abuse among school-age children. Teaching children about Good Touch and Bad Touch is an essential preventive measure that helps them recognize safe and unsafe situations, protect themselves from abuse, and seek help when needed. Schools play a vital role in promoting child safety through health education programmes. A Structured Teaching Programme can effectively improve children's knowledge and awareness regarding Good Touch and Bad Touch, thereby contributing to the prevention of child abuse and the promotion of child protection. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of a Structured Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding Good Touch and Bad Touch among schoolers at a selected school in Sangamner.
Material and Methods: quantitative research approach with a pre-experimental one-group pre-test post-test research design was adopted for the study. The study was conducted among schoolers of Bhikaji Tukaram Meher primary school Sangamner. A total of 108 schoolers were selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured pictorial questionnaire consisting of demographic variables and questions related to knowledge regarding Good Touch and Bad Touch. The reliability of the tool was established by the Split-Half method and was found to be 0.8023, indicating that the tool was reliable. After obtaining permission from the concerned authorities and informed assent from the participants, a pre-test was conducted to assess the baseline knowledge of schoolers. Subsequently, a Structured Teaching Programme regarding Good Touch and Bad Touch was administered. The post-test was conducted after the intervention to evaluate its effectiveness. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired t-test and chi-square test) to determine the effectiveness of the Structured Teaching Programme and its association with selected demographic variables
Results: The demographic findings revealed that the highest percentage of schoolers (34.3%) belonged to the age group of 7 years, 67.6% were females, 48.1% were studying in 1st standard, 45.4% belonged to joint families, 66.7% resided in urban areas, 68.5% were Hindus, 50.9% had a monthly family income below Rs. 5000, and 59.3% travelled to school by school bus. Before the intervention, 63.9% of schoolers had poor knowledge and 20.4% had very poor knowledge regarding Good Touch and Bad Touch. The mean pre-test knowledge score was 7.72 ± 2.87. After the Structured Teaching Programme, 63.9% of schoolers had good knowledge and 31.5% had very good knowledge. The mean post-test knowledge score increased to 19.23 ± 2.14. The mean difference was 11.51, and the calculated paired t-value was 32.61 (p = 0.0001), indicating that the Structured Teaching Programme was highly effective. A significant association was found between post-test knowledge scores and monthly family income, whereas no significant association was found with age, gender, class, religion, type of family, area of residence, or mode of transportation.
Conclusion: The study concluded that schoolers had inadequate knowledge regarding Good Touch and Bad Touch before the intervention. The Structured Teaching Programme significantly improved their knowledge, as evidenced by the increase in post-test scores. Therefore, the Structured Teaching Programme was found to be an effective educational strategy for enhancing awareness regarding Good Touch and Bad Touch among schoolers and can be utilized in schools to promote child safety and prevent child abuse.