• Rajveer Vilas Patil
• Arjun Patil
• Prasad Digambar Sutar
• Nikhil Pandit Powar
• Aryan Nandkumar Mirajkar

## ABSTRACT Tsunamis are destructive natural hazards that can cause severe damage to coastal infrastructure, settlements, transportation networks, and human life. Japan is highly vulnerable to tsunami hazards due to its location near active tectonic plate boundaries and its extensive coastline. To reduce these risks, Japan has developed an integrated tsunami protection system combining coastal engineering structures, early-warning systems, evacuation planning, and community preparedness. This paper reviews the major components of the Japanese tsunami protection system, including seawalls, coastal dikes, breakwaters, tsunami gates, coastal forests, tsunami-resistant buildings, vertical evacuation structures, and monitoring networks. It examines their engineering principles, functions, advantages, and limitations, with particular attention to structural stability, foundation conditions, erosion, overtopping, and long-term maintenance. The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami is considered as a case study to understand the limitations of physical barriers and the importance of integrated disaster management. The study highlights that no single protective structure can eliminate tsunami risk completely. An effective strategy requires a multi-layered approach combining engineered barriers, reliable warning and communication systems, safe evacuation routes, hazard mapping, and public awareness. The findings also identify important lessons for tsunami-prone coastal regions in India, where protection measures must be adapted to local geographical, geological, environmental, and socio-economic conditions. Overall, the Japanese experience demonstrates the importance of combining civil engineering solutions with disaster preparedness to develop safer and more resilient coastal communities.

Japanese Tsunami Protection System, Tsunami Mitigation, Seawalls, Coastal Dikes, Breakwaters, Tsunami Gates, Early Warning Systems, Evacuation Planning, Disaster Management, Coastal Engineering, Structural Stability, Community Preparedness, Disaster Risk Reduction, Coastal Resilience, Japan.

"Japanese Tsunami Protection System ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 10, page no.c670-c687, October-2026, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2610270.pdf

"Japanese Tsunami Protection System ", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 10, page no. ppc670-c687, October-2026, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2610270.pdf