• Nutan Sharma

Ethanol produced from various lignocellulosic materials such as wood, agricultural and forest residues has the potential to be a valuable substitute for, or complement to, gasoline. One of the major resources in the Northern hemisphere is softwood. This paper reviews the current status of the technology for ethanol production from softwood, with focus on hemicellulose and cellulose hydrolysis, which is the major problem in the overall process. Other issues of importance, e.g. overall process configurations and process economics are also considered. The review deals with fuel ethanol production from plant-based lignocellulosic biomass as raw materials. In this article, the technologies for producing fuel ethanol with the main research prospects for improving them are discussed. The complexity in the biomass processing is identified by the analysis of various stages involved in the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars. Further, the fermentation processes with its important features are explained based on biomass conversion. Comparative index for different types of biomass for fuel ethanol production is listed. Finally, some concluding remarks on current research regarding the pre-treatment along with biological conversion of biomass into ethanol are presented. Ethanol produced from various lignocellulosic materials such as wood, agricultural and forest residues has the potential to be a valuable substitute for, or complement to, gasoline. One of the major resources in the Northern hemisphere is softwood. This paper reviews the current status of the technology for ethanol production from softwood, with focus on hemicellulose and cellulose hydrolysis, which is the major problem in the overall process. Other issues of importance, e.g. overall process configurations and process economics are also considered.

Conversion process, Development, Efficiency of Ethanol, Uses of ethenol, Pre-treatment.

"A Review paper on Ethanol", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.5, Issue 7, page no.195-201, July-2018, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRFJ06042.pdf

"A Review paper on Ethanol", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.5, Issue 7, page no. pp195-201, July-2018, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRFJ06042.pdf