• Ashwini Kumar

According to US NEC Article 690.5, every PV system with a system voltage more than 50 V needs ground-fault prevention. In most PV arrays in the United States, an electric connection is made between earth and one of the CCCs through a ground fault detection and interruption (GFDI) fuse, which is referred to as "system grounding". Alternative ground-fault prevention methods, such as residual current monitoring devices (RCDs) and DC insulation resistance measurements, are more prevalent outside the United States. These ground-fault prevention devices are often employed on ungrounded (“floating”) PV systems that do not have a ground connection. Ground faults, line-to-line faults, and arc faults are the three most common catastrophic failures in photovoltaic (PV) arrays. Although there haven't been many such failures, recent fires in Bakersfield, California, on April 5, 2009, and Mount Holly, North Carolina, on April 16, 2011, suggest that current fault detection and mitigation techniques, as well as amendments to existing codes and standards, are needed to prevent such accidents. The impact of defects on the functioning of PV arrays is investigated in this paper, as well as the limits of current fault detection and mitigation techniques. A review of cutting-edge defect detection and mitigation methods, as well as commercially available devices, is also provided.

Arc Fault, Fire, Ground Fault, Line-To-Line, Photovoltaic (PV).

"An Inclusive Evaluation on Types and Detection of Fault Related to Photo Voltaic Cells", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 3, page no.1-6, March-2019, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRFT06001.pdf

"An Inclusive Evaluation on Types and Detection of Fault Related to Photo Voltaic Cells", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.6, Issue 3, page no. pp1-6, March-2019, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRFT06001.pdf