• Dr H. Akther Banu
• Prof S. Mansoor Rahman

Migration is a global phenomenon. It suggests the movement of a group or person from one area to another generally in quest of greater economic possibilities. Usually, patterns of forced or voluntary migration are connected to relocation resulting from war or natural disaster. Furthermore, driving the rise of domestic and cross-border climate-induced migration are severe climatic events including floods, cyclones, rising sea levels, heat waves, and drought. With more than 41 million individuals driven from their homes between 2020 and 2021 owing to climate-related displacements, the nation ranks fourth among all the countries affected. Rising as a migrant problem, the climate issue demands deliberate and aggressive policymaking. Low agricultural income, agricultural unemployment and underemployment are the main forces driving the migrants towards regions with more employment possibilities in our nation. Adverse economic circumstances resulting from poverty, low productivity, unemployment, and resource depletion are known as push forces. Pull factors are those elements that draw immigrants to a given location, including chances for better jobs, greater salaries, improved working conditions and better amenities of life, etc. The fact that the urban labour force is large, the urban unemployment rates are high, and there are also pools of underemployed people define push-back elements. All these elements cooperate to discourage the new migration from rural to metropolitan areas.

Internal migration, pull factors, push factors and push back factors

"Socio-economic Consequences of Migration in India: The Crisis of Mass Exodus from Kurnool District", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 3, page no.135-139, March-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRGU06024.pdf

"Socio-economic Consequences of Migration in India: The Crisis of Mass Exodus from Kurnool District", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 3, page no. pp135-139, March-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRGU06024.pdf