• Priyajit Dash
• Ram Kumar
• Sunil Sharma
• Balaji Prasad Padhi

In this paper, Order Reduction of large-scale Linear Time Invariant (LTI) systems using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm has been presented. PSO is basically inspired by both the biological populations and swarming of bees. The Step Response and Frequency Response of High Order Systems (HOS) and Low Order System (LOS) has been compared by the help of two numerical examples. The Comparison of integral square error (ISE), integral absolute error (IAE), integral time absolute error (ITAE), integral time squared error (ITSE) with the other well-known existing technique in the literature has been mentioned in tabular form and the result shows the superiority of PSO algorithm.

Order Reduction, Integral Square Error (ISE), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).

"Order reduction of Large Scale LTI Systems using Particle Swarm Optimization", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 6, page no.521-526, June-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRGW06085.pdf

"Order reduction of Large Scale LTI Systems using Particle Swarm Optimization", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 6, page no. pp521-526, June-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRGW06085.pdf