• Khyathi
• Manikanth Mohan Naik
• Prashant Rao
• Sudarshan
• Jithendra P R N, Sudheesh KP

Digital Twin (DT) technology has emerged as a cornerstone of Industry 4.0, offering transformative potential across various domains, including the reliability and health management of microelectronic systems. Despite its growing prominence, the concept of DT is often misunderstood, frequently reduced to a mere virtual replica, leading to ambiguity in implementation and value realization. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the definitions, architectural frameworks, and design methodologies of Digital Twins, aiming to clarify the concept and highlight its multidimensional nature. We propose a context-agnostic, fit-for-purpose definition and introduce a simplified two-branched DT architecture that distinguishes between real and virtual spaces, enabling clearer modelling strategies. The review further compares existing design approaches, evaluating their advantages, limitations, and suitability for specific industrial applications. A hybrid PHM model integrating physics-of-degradation and data-driven methods is also proposed, leveraging the two-branched DT framework to enhance predictive capabilities and system reliability in microelectronics. Finally, the paper discusses the practical challenges, cost considerations, and strategic value of implementing Digital Twins, providing guidance for selecting optimal design methodologies based on application needs.

Digital Twin (DT), Industry 4.0, Prognostics and Health Management (PHM), Microelectronics, System Reliability, Architecture Framework, Hybrid Modeling, Physics-of-Degradation, Predictive Maintenance

"SECURE AND SCALABLE DIGITAL TWINS: ARCHITECTURAL INSIGHTS AND STRATEGIC APPLICATIONS ACROSS INDUSTRIES", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 7, page no.456-459, July-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRGX06085.pdf

"SECURE AND SCALABLE DIGITAL TWINS: ARCHITECTURAL INSIGHTS AND STRATEGIC APPLICATIONS ACROSS INDUSTRIES", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 7, page no. pp456-459, July-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRGX06085.pdf