• MD. Gulam Rasool
• Farha Yasmin

As we move deeper into the digital age, the way we protect sensitive information has changed dramatically. In the past, security meant physical safeguards—wax seals, signet rings, and mechanical locks. These methods laid the foundation but were always vulnerable to forgery, theft, and human error. Today, cybersecurity has broken free from those physical limits, relying instead on advanced mathematical systems like AES and RSA encryption, along with biometrics and smart access controls.

Cyber security; Evolution; Encryption & Cryptography; Physics in Digital Security.

"From Seals to Cyber Shields: The Evolution of Cybersecurity through Sensors, Circuits, and Quantum Principles — The Strategic Role of Open Educational Resources (OER) in Digital Education", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 3, page no.195-203, March-2026, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRHM06030.pdf

"From Seals to Cyber Shields: The Evolution of Cybersecurity through Sensors, Circuits, and Quantum Principles — The Strategic Role of Open Educational Resources (OER) in Digital Education", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.13, Issue 3, page no. pp195-203, March-2026, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRHM06030.pdf