Abstract
at the present time, the people of many cities are fighting and displaced from conflict. The war has once again entered the cities, the living space of everyday life and the private realms of the houses and the towns have become the military occupation. It is the unusual and exceptional status that has disrupted the intrinsic the identity and pattern of the city. The purpose of the thesis is to focus on patterns and physical configuration of historic cores, comparing the urban pattern of a historic city center before and after a war, and understand how much the physical form and urban tissues of a historic city center changed. And also identify how much physical changes are compatible with historic heritage. The hypothesis of this study is, the war affected cities are compatible with the past as the result of applying a convenient reconstruction program and a strong strategic framework, to preserving the identity and historical context of the city. The study examines the different approaches and different strategies of the reconstruction plans that reshaped the pattern of the historical city cores, after complete devastation. Most rebuilt cities seeking for different forms and patterns, with following approaches that lead to new and functional towns, while some trying to keep the identity and historical continuity with reshaping exactly what is it was before. In this study, three type of maps used for urban pattern analyzes, in different periods pre-destruction, after destruction, and the reconstruction maps. Briefly, all analyzes are urban regeneration, approaches urban pattern, Trancik. To understand the rebuilding process, aims, models, strong and weak points of it, the urban reconstruction program of the case studies examined. The thesis focuses on the reconstruction plans of four war-damaged cities Warsaw, Mostar, and Beirut, Dezful. According to the hypothesis of the study, and the archived results from the comparison of four historic cities from different cultures and different reconstruction plans. The war affected cities are compatible with the past if a convenient reconstruction program and a strong strategic framework apply. The convenient reconstruction plan through attention to important elements such as time, economic, documentation and education could be possible. The most important factor here is the local people demands and desires.