• Dr. Baldev singh cheema kewal

The word „Punjab‟ is a combination of two Persian words : Punj and Aab which literally means „five‟ and „water‟ respectively. Thus „Punjab‟ means the territory or land of five rivers. These five rivers were: the Sutluj, the Beas, the Ravi, the Chenab and the Jhelum. The holy and great land of five rivers had been remained an important part of history of India since ancient times. All those good or bad events which occurred on stage of Punjab, deeply influenced fate and history of whole country. There had been great significance of Punjab in Indian history. Its geographical position has much contributed in forming its history. The eldest and the best culture of India spring out of the Soil of Punjab and it was here that it reached its apotheosis.

Introduction to Sikhism

" Development of Sikh institutions from Guru Nanak Dev to Guru Gobind Singh (1469 --1708 AD)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 6, page no.a747-a790, June-2022, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRTHE2010.pdf

" Development of Sikh institutions from Guru Nanak Dev to Guru Gobind Singh (1469 --1708 AD)", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.9, Issue 6, page no. ppa747-a790, June-2022, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIRTHE2010.pdf