• Ramalingappa G Nayak,

Toilet hygiene is related to public health and environmental protection. We found that access to toilets in rural households significantly improved residents' health, and this finding remained robust across a series of inspections. Meanwhile, mechanism analysis results suggest that prevention of faeces from contaminating water sources is an important mechanism behind the positive effects of sanitary latrine use on health. The effect of access to sanitary toilets is more pronounced among women, middle-aged and low-income people. The toilet revolution plays an important role in ensuring the health of residents and protecting water sources, thereby underscoring the need for governments in developing countries to invest in sanitary toilets. In addition, existing policies and sanitation programs need to be improved to promote public health.

health of rural residents, protection of water sources, probit model, mechanistic testing, heterogeneity.

"Status of rural toilets", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 3, page no.a639-a642, March-2024, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2403087.pdf

"Status of rural toilets", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.11, Issue 3, page no. ppa639-a642, March-2024, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2403087.pdf