• Shakthi Nandini J
• Kurra Sandhya
• Mithuna P
• Sahana C

This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-enabled smart sanitation system for public restrooms and septic tanks, focusing on real-time waste monitoring and odor control. The proposed solution addresses sanitation challenges commonly observed in high-footfall environments such as railway stations and remote rural areas, where manual inspections are inefficient and unreliable. The system is built around the ESP32 microcontroller, which integrates various sensors including infrared, gas, and temperature sensors to continuously track parameters such as waste levels and harmful gas concentrations like ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. A rule-based algorithm processes this data to activate exhaust fans, deploy odor neutralizers, or send notifications to cleaning personnel via a mobile app when threshold levels are exceeded. Additionally, Bluetooth and cloud communication modules enable remote monitoring and predictive maintenance, reducing manual labor and emergency interventions. A prototype developed and tested under controlled conditions demonstrated high reliability in early waste detection, odor management, and automated response execution. The system showed potential for scalability and low-power operation, making it suitable for deployment in both urban smart city infrastructure and underserved rural regions. The results affirm the system's capability to improve hygiene standards, reduce pollution, and support national initiatives like Swachh Bharat Abhiyan.

IoT-enabled sanitation, ESP32, Smart restroom system, Odor control, Septic tank monitoring, Predictive maintenance

"A SCALABLE IoT-BASED SOLUTION FOR WASTE MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT IN RAILWAYS", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 5, page no.i424-i429, May-2025, Available :http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2505948.pdf

"A SCALABLE IoT-BASED SOLUTION FOR WASTE MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT IN RAILWAYS", International Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (www.jetir.org | UGC and issn Approved), ISSN:2349-5162, Vol.12, Issue 5, page no. ppi424-i429, May-2025, Available at : http://www.jetir.org/papers/JETIR2505948.pdf